ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ИЗБРАНИ ТЕХНИКИ ВЪРХУ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТТА НА ДВИЖЕНИЕТО В СПОРТНОТО КАТЕРЕНЕ, автор Станислава Н. Ламбрева

ВЛИЯНИЕ НА ИЗБРАНИ ТЕХНИКИ ВЪРХУ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТТА НА ДВИЖЕНИЕТО В СПОРТНОТО КАТЕРЕНЕ Станислава Ламбрева ORCHID: Станислава Ламбрева – https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1975-8241 публикуване в том 1 на списание "Годишник", 2026 РЕЗЮМЕ Катеренето е един най-динамично развиващите се спортове в последните десетилетия и вече е част от Олимпийските игри. Целта на настоящото изследване е да се анализира връзката между избора на опорния крак и параметрите на силата на мускулатурата на предмишницата в два варианта и да се оцени влиянието на натоварването на контралатералния и на латералния крак върху реализирането на движението в спортното катерене. В изследването участваха 18 катерача с Redpoint ниво от 6b до 8b+ (по френската скала за категоризизация) и боулдъринг - oт 6A до 8А - “напреднали“, (според IRCRA: 22.5 ± 2.4). Анализирани са показатели като максимална сила (Fpeak), относителна сила (F/kg), време на изпълнение и импулс на силата (F/kg x t), както и допълнителни силови и времеви характеристики. Методи: за статистическата обработка на данните са ползвани описателна статистика, параметрични и непараметрични методи в зависимост от разпределението на данните, корелационен анализ, оценка на ефекта. Резултатите показват липса на статистически значими различия между максималната сила на пръстите в двата опита, но се наблюдават статистически значими различия във времето за изпълнение, импулса на силата и силата, отнесена към телесната маса. Изборът на изтласкващ крак влияе върху ефективността на използване на силата. Получените данни от изследването предполагат, че различията между вариантите на стъпване не се дължат на силовия потенциал на пръстите, а на особености в техниката на катерене, което подчертава необходимостта от повече изследвания, фокусирани върху техниката в спортното катерене. Ключови думи: спортно катерене, техника на стъпване, максимална относителна сила, импулс на силата, ефективност Stanislava Lambreva National Sports Academy "Vasil Levski" ORCHID: Stanislava Lambreva – https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1975-8241 ABSTRACT Climbing is one of the most dynamically developing sports in recent decades and has already become part of the Olympic program. The aim of the present study is to analyze the relationship between the choice of the supporting leg and the parameters of forearm muscle strength in two variants, as well as to assess the influence of the contralateral and lateral leg loading on the execution of movement in sport climbing. Eighteen climbers participated in the study, with a redpoint level ranging from 6b to 8b+ (French scale) and a bouldering level from 6A to 8A—classified as “advanced”, according to IRCRA (22.5 ± 2.4 years). The analyzed indicators included peak force (Fpeak), relative force (F/kg), execution time, and force impulse (F/kg × t), along with additional time- and strength-related characteristics. Descriptive statistics, parametric and non-parametric tests (depending on data distribution), correlation analysis, and effect size evaluation were applied for data processing. The results revealed no statistically significant differences in maximum finger strength between the two trials. However, significant differences were observed in execution time, force impulse, and relative force. The choice of the propulsive leg influenced the efficiency of force application. The findings suggest that the differences between the stepping variants are not due to finger strength potential but rather to specific features of climbing technique, highlighting the need for further research focused on movement technique in sport climbing. 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Journal of Experimental Biology, 227, jeb246899. https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.246899 Автор за кореспонденция: Станислава Ламбрева, доктор E-mail: majorsunster@gmail.com, stanislava.lambreva@nsa.bg